When you issue "sudo ", the system will prompt for password. Reply with the CURRENT login-user's password (NOT the root's password). However, the current user must be a sudoer. The command will then be run with superuser privilege, with un-limited access to all the resources. The entered password will not be shown (not even showing asterisks) for maximum security. The password entered is stored for 15 minutes (by default) for all subsequent sudo commands. After that, you will need to enter the password again. A log entry is created for every sudo command in /var/log/auth.log for auditing purpose.
Unix provides a command called "su " (switch user), which switches the current login user to the given username. You will be prompted for the password of username (NOT the current login user as in sudo).
Password for F1 2012 txt
If username is omitted, the command su switches to the root user. You will be prompted for root's password (provided root user is enabled). The command prompt will be changed to "#" - the default root user prompt. You can exit the root session via command "exit" or "quit".
In Ubuntu and Mac OS X, the root account is locked, by default. That is, you cannot login as root, or su as root user. However, you can use "sudo command" to run command as root; or "sudo su" (or "sudo -i") to switch to root if you are a sudoer (as described earlier). "sudo" will prompt for your (sudoer) password, instead of root's password.
Hi,"Is there any Cisco professional " is a very cool question!! For the first instead the mode button is only sending the switch in ROMMON and nothing else. From there on there is the flash initialisation and the rest of the procedure to do. Apart from the method used(ctrl+break in the first 60 seconds in some switches vs. mode button in others), you need to keep in mind you are going to manipulate the registers. Hence the first step will remain entering in ROMMON.Question two:Once you skip the password you need a simpleCopy start runAs first command from privilege mode and a write mem only after verifying your running config is the one you want(show run).Question three:Some environments require a very high level of security, nearly paranoic.. For that reason you can disable the possibility to recover your password withConf tNo service password-recovery! Please check the command on the platform you are using ;)In this case, you will be still able to access your switch but you will not be able to recover the old configuration.Hope this clarifiesTake careAlessioSent from Cisco Technical Support iPad App
but I couldn't get load_helper, I did flash_init then it is initialize then I typed load_helper but it says "not recognize command" then I type boot but it says foot failure so how can I recover my password for cisco 2960 switch? can anyone help to me?
Type your admin password, hit return, then TextEdit launches as root with the hosts file on the Mac. You can save and edit the file as usual from TextEdit this way in OS X. Easy for novices, but nano, vim, emacs, etc are better.
Mimikatz is a Windows x32/x64 program coded in C by Benjamin Delpy (@gentilkiwi) in 2007 to learn more about Windows credentials (and as a Proof of Concept). There are two optional components that provide additional features, mimidrv (driver to interact with the Windows kernal) and mimilib (AppLocker bypass, Auth package/SSP, password filter, and sekurlsa for WinDBG). Mimikatz requires administrator or SYSTEM and often debug rights in order to perform certain actions and interact with the LSASS process (depending on the action requested). The Mimikatz.exe contains, or at least should contain, all capability noted there.
Benjamin Delpy posted an Excel chart on OneDrive (no longer available, but shown below) that shows what type of credential data is available in memory (LSASS), including on Windows 8.1 and Windows 2012 R2 which have enhanced protection mechanisms reducing the amount and type of credentials kept in memory.(Click image to embiggen)
Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8.1 includes a new feature called LSA Protection which involves enabling LSASS as a protected process on Windows Server 2012 R2 (Mimikatz can bypass with a driver, but that should make some noise in the event logs):
The DPAPI Mimikatz module provides capability to extract Windows stored (and protected) credential data using DPAPI. DPAPI is the official Windows method to protect (encrypt) local data (usually passwords).
Starting with Microsoft Windows 2000, the operating system began to provide a data protection application-programming interface (API). This Data Protection API (DPAPI) is a pair of function calls that provide operating system-level data protection services to user and system processes. By operating system-level, we mean a service that is provided by the operating system itself and does not require any additional libraries. By data protection, we mean a service that provides confidentiality of data by using encryption. Because data protection is part of the operating system, every application can now secure data without needing any specific cryptographic code other than the necessary function calls to DPAPI. These calls are two simple functions with various options to modify DPAPI behavior. Overall, DPAPI is an easy-to-use service that will benefit developers who must provide protection for sensitive application data, such as passwords and private keys.
Special rights are required to run DCSync. Any member of Administrators, Domain Admins, or Enterprise Admins as well as Domain Controller computer accounts are able to run DCSync to pull password data. Note that Read-Only Domain Controllers are not only allowed to pull password data for users by default.
The SEKURLSA Mimikatz module interacts with protected memory. This module extracts passwords, keys, pin codes, tickets from the memory of lsass (Local Security Authority Subsystem Service).In order to interact with LSASS, the Mimikatz process requires appropriate rights:
In the latest Raspbian, (August 2012) public key ssh login is enabled by default, but so are passwords and there may be a couple of other things we want to change in the configuration file (like the port number).
please i need to change my host ip to another ip on my computer, when i did it asked for a password which i dont know, i used the public key method for authentication but didnt work, please what can i do to achieve my aim so that i can use any host ip???
I have passwords for members on a site encrypted using MD5 and stored in the database. I want to implement a lost password functionality where the user will be emailed their credentials if they forget them. But how to output the unencrypted password or is it one way encryption and hence impossible?
MD5 isn't encryption - it's a one-way hash. You can't reverse a one-way hash (theoretically you can find a plaintext that has an equivalent hash which is generally as good, but you can't in any reasonable amount of time), so you just need to set a new password and email it to them as a temporary, and/or just provide them a link to reset their password.
The point of using a one-way hash is to prevent exactly what you are trying to do. If you can read the plaintext password, then anyone who gets a hold of your database can too. Hint: what do you do with old backup media? Throw them in the trash? Criminals have been known to dumpster-dive for backups.
To prevent a password database breach from being the headline news that it was for LinkedIn, you need to use a significantly better hashing function. DES-based crypt(3) might have been good enough in the late 70s, but modern bruteforce searching tools can easily test millions of candidate passwords per second.
You shouldn't be providing them with the plain text password. What you should do instead is either allow them to change the password, or generate a random one for them to use and then force them to change it.
The purpose of hashing the password is exactly that. It is used because the original password can't be gotten (theorically) so the password would be saved securily and it can be used to check if the password is correct easily.
This is normally done by precaculating all of the possible passwords and storing the hashes of these in a rainbow table (See Wikipedia entry). It is possible to download such rainbow tables but they are HUGE!
Hoping to find people that have managed to push HP BIOS settings via OSD (Windows 10), I've pretty much followed thisguide (only the folder structures are slightly different) but I'm having issues actually deploying the settings, setting the BIOS password seems to work okay and I've read that for certain TPM settings to be pushed then a BIOS password must be set prior.
The grub-mkconfig program does not yet have built-in support forgenerating configuration files with authentication. You can use/etc/grub.d/40_custom to add simple superuser authentication, byadding set superusers= and password or password_pbkdf2commands.
Sites with poor security are breached on a regular basis, and thieves actively target dumping user credentials from such sites so that they can sell them on the dark net or underground forums. As many users will use the same password across different sites, criminals have a statistically good chance of finding that user [email protected] has used the same password on [email protected]. Tools to automate the testing of a list of stolen credentials across multiple sites allow hackers to quickly breach new accounts even on sites that practice good security and password hygiene.
Somewhat like credential stuffing, the basic idea behind password spraying it to take a list of user accounts and test them against a list of passwords. The difference is that with credential stuffing, the passwords are all known passwords for particular users. Password spraying is more blunt. The fraudster has a list of usernames, but no idea of the actual password. Instead, each username is tested against a list of the most commonly used passwords. This may be the top 5, 10 or 100, depending on how much time and resources the attacker has. Most sites will detect repeated password attempts from the same IP, so the attacker needs to use multiple IPs to extend the number of passwords they can try before being detected. 2ff7e9595c
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